OUTDOOR GAME
BADMINTON

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Badminton is a racquet sport that is played by using racquets to hit the shuttlecock across the net, although it may also be played by large teams. Badminton is played as an outdoor activity in yard on beach; formal games are played on rectangular indoor court. Points are scored by striking shuttlecock and landing it within other team’s half of court.

COURT

The court is rectangular and divided into two parts by net. Courts are marked for single as well as double play, although badminton rules permit the court to be marked for singles only. The doubles court is wider than singles court but both have same lengths.

The full width of court is 20 feet and in singles this width is reduced to 17 feet. The full length of court is 44 feet. The service court is marked by center line, dividing the court into two halves, by short service line of 6 feet 6 inches from net. In doubles, the service court is marked by long service line, which is 2 feet 6 inches from back boundary.

The net is 5 feet 1 inches high at edges and 5 feet high in center. The minimum height of ceiling above court is not mentioned in rules of badminton. However, a badminton court will not be suitable if ceiling is likely to be hit on high serve.

SERVING

When server serves, the shuttlecock must pass over short service line on opponent’s court, otherwise it will count as foul. The server and receiver must remain in their courts, without touching boundary, until server strikes shuttlecock. The other players may stand wherever they want. 

At the start, server and receiver must stand in diagonally opposite service courts. Ther server hits the shuttlecock that lands on receiver’s service court.  This is just like tennis, except that in badminton the whole shuttlecock must be below 1.15 meters from surface of court.

When serving side loses a rally, the server passes to their opponents (different from old system where sometimes the server passes to doubles partner for second serve).

In singles, the server stands in their right service court when score is even, in stand in left service when score id odd.

In doubles, if serving side wins rally, the same player continues to serve, but he or she varies service courts so that he or she serves to different opponent. If opposing side wins rally and their score is even, then player in right service court serves; if score is odd, then player in left service court serves. A consequence of this system is that each side regains service, server will be player who didn’t server recently.

RACQUETS

Badminton racquets are lightweight, weighting between 70 – 95 grams excluding grip or strings. They are composed of various materials ranging from carbon fibre to solid steel, which may be augmented by different materials. Carbon fibre has excellent strength to weight ratio and gives best kinetic energy transfer. Before carbon fibre, racquets were made up of light metals such as aluminum. Earlier, they were composed of wood. Cheap racquets are still made up of metals like steel, but wooden racquets ate no longer manufactured for ordinary market, because of excessive mass and high cost.

There is wide range of racquets designs, although laws of badminton limit racquet size and its shape also. Different racquets have playing various properties that appeal to different players.

STRINGS

Badminton strings for racquets are thin, high performing strings have thickness ranging about 0.62-0.73 mm. Thicker strings are more durable but many players prefer thinner strings. String tension is in range of 80 to 160 N. Normal players generally strings lower tensions than professionals, ranging from 80-110 N. Professionals string between 110-160 N. Some strings manufacturers measure the thickness of strings under tension so they are thicker than specified when slack.

It is often said that low string tensions increase power, while high string tensions improve control. In fact, a higher string tension can cause the shuttle to slide off the racquet and make it harder to hit a shot more accurately. An alternative view suggests that optimum or normal tension for power depends on player: the faster and more accurately a player can swing its racquet, higher will be tension for maximum power. The most effective way for player to find good string tension is to experiment.