BASKETBALL

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Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players each, opposing one another on rectangular court, compete with primary objective of shooting the basketball, while preventing opposite team from shooting through their own hoop. A field goal is worth two points, unless made from behind three-point line. After committing a foul, timed play stops and player designated to shoot a technical foul is given one, two or three one- point free throws. The team having maximum points wins, but if regulation play expires with score tied, an additional period of play also called overtime, is mandated.

GAMEPLAY                                                            

Players advance the ball by bouncing it while running or by passing it to teammate, both of which require skill. On offense, players may also use several shots – the layup, dunk, jump shot; on defense, they may steal ball from dribbler, intercept passes or block shots; either defense or offense may collect rebound, which is missed shot that bounces from background. It is against the rules to drag one’s pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold ball with both hands then continue dribbling.

The five players on each side take their positions. The tallest player is usually at the center, the second tallest is power forward and slightly shorter player is small forward and the shortest player are shooting guard and best ball handlers, who implement the coach’s game plan by managing execution of offensive and defensive plays (player positioning).  Players may play three-on-three, two-on-two, one-on-one.

OBJECTIVE

The object of game is to outscore one’s opponents by throwing the ball into opponent’s basket from above while preventing it from opponents from doing so on their own. An attempt to score the goal like this is called shot. A beautiful shot is of two points, or three points if it is taken from beyond three-point arc from basket. A one-point shot can be ensured by shooting from foul line. After foul is committed. After team has scored from field goal or free throw, game is recontinued with throw-in awarded to non-scoring team taken from point beyond the endline, where points were scored.

PLAYING RULES AND REGULATION

Games are played in 4 quarters of 10 (FIBA) or 12 minutes (NBA). College men’s games utilize two 20-minute halves, while college women’s games utilize 10-minute quarters, however, this varies from state to state. 15 minutes are allowed for half-time break in FIBA, NBA and NCAA rules and half-break of 10 minutes in united states high schools. Teams exchange baskets for second half.

The ball may not be kicked or struck with fist. For the offense, a violation of these rules results in lose of possession; for defense many leagues reset the shot clock.

The size of basketball is also regulated. For men, ball is 29.5 inches in circumference, for women the official ball size is 28.5 inches in circumference with weight of 20 oz (570g).

FOULS

An attempt to opponent through certain types of physical contact is illegal and it is called personal foul. Theses are mostly done by defensive as well as offensive players. Players who are fouled either receive the ball to pass inbounds again or free throws if they are fouled while shooting, depending on whether shot was successful. One point is rewarded for attempting free throw, which is committed from line 15 feet from basket.

The referee is responsible for judging whether contact is illegal, resulting controversy. The calling of fouls can change between leagues, games and referees.

There is another category of foul called as technical fouls, which may be charged for rules violation including failure to record the player in scoreboard.

A blatant foul involving physical contact called intentional foul. A foul resulting in ejection in FIBA and NCAA is called disqualifying foul, while in other leagues other than NBA, such foul is called as flagrant.

Conclusion

Basketball is source of enjoyment; its history and growth are very interesting as long as all various leagues for basketball. Its growth is very important and interesting because it had great adolescence. Whenever people play basketball, they intrigued by it. Many people think basketball will soon be most played game around the world.